Journal
OPTICS EXPRESS
Volume 19, Issue 1, Pages 17-31Publisher
OPTICAL SOC AMER
DOI: 10.1364/OE.19.000017
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Funding
- IARPA
- National Science Foundation [ECCS-0823778, ECS-0335765]
- U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-SC0001088]
- United States Air Force [FA8721-05-C-0002]
- Div Of Electrical, Commun & Cyber Sys
- Directorate For Engineering [0823778] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
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Optical nano-antennae have been integrated with semiconductor lasers to intensify light at the nanoscale and photodiodes to enhance photocurrent. In quantum optics, plasmonic metal structures have been used to enhance nonclassical light emission from single quantum dots. Absorption and detection of single photons from free space could also be enhanced by nanometallic antennae, but this has not previously been demonstrated. Here, we use nano-optical transmission effects in a one-dimensional gold structure, combined with optical cavity resonance, to form optical nano-antennae, which are further used to couple single photons from free space into a 80-nm-wide superconducting nanowire. This antenna-assisted coupling enables a superconducting nanowire single-photon detector with 47% device efficiency at the wavelength of 1550 nm and 9-mu m-by-9-mu m active area while maintaining a reset time of only 5 ns. We demonstrate nanoscale antenna-like structures to achieve exceptional efficiency and speed in single-photon detection. (C) 2010 Optical Society of America
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