Journal
OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA
Volume 36, Issue 4, Pages 809-+Publisher
W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC
DOI: 10.1016/j.ogc.2009.10.001
Keywords
Hormones; Hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal-system; Memory; Sleep
Categories
Funding
- Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft [SFB 654]
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Nocturnal sleep is characterized by a unique pattern of endocrine activity, which comprises reciprocal influences on the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) and the somatotropic system. During early sleep, when slow wave sleep (SWS) prevails, HPA secretory activity is suppressed whereas growth hormone (GH) release reaches a maximum; this pattern is reversed during late sleep when rapid eye movement (REM) sleep predominates. SWS benefits the consolidation of hippocampus-dependent declarative memories, whereas REM sleep improves amygdala-dependent emotional memories and procedural skill memories involving striato-cortical circuitry. Manipulation of plasma cortisol and GH concentration during sleep revealed a primary role of HPA activity for memory consolidation. Pituitary-adrenal inhibition during SWS sleep represents a prerequisite for efficient consolidation of declarative memory; increased cortisol during late REM sleep seems to protect from an overshooting consolidation of emotional memories.
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