Journal
OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY
Volume 117, Issue 4, Pages 777-787Publisher
LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
DOI: 10.1097/AOG.0b013e3182118ac3
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Funding
- Bayer HealthCare Pharmaceuticals
- Bayer HealthCare Pharmaceuticals Inc
- Wyeth Pharmaceuticals
- Warner Chilcott
- Population Council
- National Institutes of Health (NIH)
- Australian National Health and Medical Research Council
- Schering Plough
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OBJECTIVE: To estimate the efficacy of a fixed estrogen step-down and progestin step-up 28-day estradiol (E2) valerate and dienogest oral contraceptive regimen in women with heavy menstrual bleeding, prolonged menstrual bleeding, or heavy and prolonged menstrual bleeding without organic pathology. METHODS: This double-blind, placebo-controlled study randomized women aged 18 years or older with prolonged, frequent, or heavy menstrual bleeding, objectively confirmed during a 90-day run-in phase, to treatment with E2 valerate and dienogest or placebo (2: 1) for 196 days. Data from the last 90 days of treatment and the run-in phase were compared. The primary variable was the complete response rate (complete resolution of qualifying abnormal menstrual symptoms, including a 50% or greater reduction in pretreatment menstrual blood loss volume in women with heavy menstrual bleeding). Secondary variables included objective changes in menstrual blood loss volume (alkaline hematin methodology) and iron metabolism parameters. Overall, 180 women were needed to provide 90% power. RESULTS: There were no marked differences in the characteristics of E2 valerate and dienogest (n = 120) and placebo (n = 70) recipients. The proportion of complete responders in the evaluable group was significantly higher in E2 valerate and dienogest (35/80; 43.8%) compared with placebo (2/48, 4.2%, P <.001) recipients. The mean [standard deviation] reduction in menstrual blood loss with E2 valerate and dienogest from the run-in phase to the efficacy phase was substantial (-353 mL [309 mL]; mean -64.2%; median -70.6%) and significantly greater than that in placebo recipients (-130 mL [338 mL]; mean -7.8%; median -18.7%; P <.001). Significant improvements in hemoglobin, hematocrit, and ferritin were seen with E2 valerate and dienogest, but not with placebo. CONCLUSION: Oral E2 valerate and dienogest was highly effective compared with placebo in the treatment of women with heavy menstrual bleeding, prolonged menstrual bleeding, or heavy and prolonged menstrual bleeding without organic pathology.
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