Journal
OBESITY REVIEWS
Volume 13, Issue 10, Pages 835-847Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-789X.2012.01012.x
Keywords
Body composition; compensation; energy balance; exercise
Categories
Funding
- Herman and Margaret Sokol Institute for Pharmaceutical Life Sciences Fellowship
- NIH [R15 DK090739, U01 DK094418, R01 HL102166, R01 DK089051, P30 DK072476, U01 AG20478, R00HD060762, R01-DK081559, U01-AG022132]
- John W. Barton Sr. Chair in Genetics and Nutrition
- [HL45670]
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Weight loss resulting from an exercise intervention tends to be lower than predicted. Modest weight loss can arise from an increase in energy intake, physiological reductions in resting energy expenditure, an increase in lean tissue or a decrease in non-exercise activity. Lower than expected, weight loss could also arise from weak and invalidated assumptions within predictive models. To investigate these causes, we systematically reviewed studies that monitored compliance to exercise prescriptions and measured exercise-induced change in body composition. Changed body energy stores were calculated to determine the deficit between total daily energy intake and energy expenditures. This information combined with available measurements was used to critically evaluate explanations for low exercise-induced weight loss. We conclude that the small magnitude of weight loss observed from the majority of evaluated exercise interventions is primarily due to low doses of prescribed exercise energy expenditures compounded by a concomitant increase in caloric intake.
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