Journal
OBESITY FACTS
Volume 7, Issue 1, Pages 48-56Publisher
KARGER
DOI: 10.1159/000358913
Keywords
Endocrine-disrupting compounds; EDC; Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma; PPAR gamma; Adipogenesis; Mesenchymal stem cells; MSC
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Funding
- German United Association for Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (DGKL)
- Wilhelm Roux Program of the Martin Luther University Faculty of Medicine, Halle (Saale), Germany
- European Community's Seventh Framework Program [212885]
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Objective: The food contaminants bisphenol A (BPA), diethylhexylphthalate (DEHP), and tributyltin (TBT) are potent endocrine-disrupting compounds (EDC) known to interfere with adipogenesis. EDC usually act in mixtures and not as single compounds. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of a simultaneous exposure of BPA, DEHP, and TBT on mesenchymal stem cell differentiation into adipocytes. Methods: Multipotent murine mesenchymal stem cells (C3H10T1/2) were exposed to EDC mixtures in high concentrations, i.e. MIX-high (10 mu mol/l BPA, 100 mu mol/l DEHP, 100 nmol/l TBT), and in environmentally relevant concentrations, i.e. MIX-low (10 nmol/l BPA, 100 nmol/l DEHP, 1 nmol/l TBT). The exposure was performed either for the entire culture time (0-12 days) or at distinct stages of adipogenic differentiation. At day 12 of cell culture, the amount of adipocytes, triglyceride content (TG), and adipogenic marker gene expression were analyzed. Results: MIX-high increased the development of adipocytes and the expression of adipogenic marker genes independently of the exposure window. The total TG amount was not increased. The low-concentrated EDC mixture had no obvious impact on adipogenesis. Conclusion: In EDC mixtures, the adipogenic effect of TBT and DEHP predominates single effects of BPA. Mixture effects of EDC are not deducible from single compound experiments. (C) 2014 S. Karger GmbH, Freiburg
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