Evaluation of practical exercises using an intravenous simulator incorporating virtual reality and haptics device technologies

This study confirmed the educational effectiveness of practical exercises (PE) using intravenous (IV) simulators incorporating virtual reality (VR)/haptics (based on the sense of touch) device technologies. First-year nursing students (n = 114) were randomly divided into three PE groups: Group A, utilizing a conventional arm model (IV arm); Group E, utilizing a VR/Haptics IV Simulator (IV sim); and Group C. utilizing both the IV arm and IV sim. Group C scored highest on procedures for conducting venipuncture. Group B was more successful in performing injections than Groups A and C. Group C required significantly less time than Group B to complete a venipuncture injection and was faster than Group A, although this difference was not significant. In conclusion, a new paradigm of PE is suggested using both IV sim and IV arm. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.