Journal
NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH
Volume 40, Issue 22, Pages 11583-11593Publisher
OXFORD UNIV PRESS
DOI: 10.1093/nar/gks910
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Funding
- Vienna Science and Technology Fund (WWTF) [LS09-032]
- Austrian Science Fund (FWF) [P17453]
- Austrian Science Fund (FWF) [W1207] Funding Source: Austrian Science Fund (FWF)
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Transfer RNAs (tRNAs) reach their mature functional form through several steps of processing and modification. Some nucleotide modifications affect the proper folding of tRNAs, and they are crucial in case of the non-canonically structured animal mitochondrial tRNAs, as exemplified by the apparently ubiquitous methylation of purines at position 9. Here, we show that a subcomplex of human mitochondrial RNase P, the endonuclease removing tRNA 5' extensions, is the methyltransferase responsible for m(1)G9 and m(1)A9 formation. The ability of the mitochondrial tRNA:m(1)R9 methyltransferase to modify both purines is uncommon among nucleic acid modification enzymes. In contrast to all the related methyltransferases, the human mitochondrial enzyme, moreover, requires a short-chain dehydrogenase as a partner protein. Human mitochondrial RNase P, thus, constitutes a multifunctional complex, whose subunits moonlight in cascade: a fatty and amino acid degradation enzyme in tRNA methylation and the methyltransferase, in turn, in tRNA 5' end processing.
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