Journal
NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH
Volume 36, Issue 15, Pages 4913-4928Publisher
OXFORD UNIV PRESS
DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkn475
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Funding
- National Basic Research Program of China [2006CB933102, 2005CB523007]
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [30700169]
- Chinese Academy of Sciences [kjcx2-swh12]
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The mechanisms of influenza A virus mRNA intracellular transport are still not clearly understood. Here, we visualized the distribution and transport of influenza A virus mRNA in living cells using molecular beacon (MB) technology. Confocal-FRAP measurements determined that the transport of influenza A virus intronless mRNA, in both nucleus and cytoplasm, was energy dependent, being similar to that of Poly(A) RNA. Drug inhibition studies in living cells revealed that the export of influenza A virus mRNA is independent of the CRM1 pathway, while the function of RNA polymerase II (RNAP-II) may be needed. In addition, viral NS1 protein and cellular TAP protein were found associated with influenza A virus mRNA in the cell nucleus. These findings characterize influenza A virus mRNA transport in living cells and suggest that influenza A virus mRNA may be exported from the nucleus by the cellular TAP/p15 pathway with NS1 protein and RNAP-II participation.
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