18F-DOPA PET/CT biodistribution consideration in 107 consecutive patients with neuroendocrine tumours

Objective L-6-Fluoro 3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (F-18-DOPA), an amino acid-based radiopharmaceutical, is increasingly being used in the detection and management of neuroendocrine tumours. Knowledge of the normal biodistribution of this radiopharmaceutical is essential for the proper interpretation of such studies, but the literature available is scanty due to the rarity of these tumours. The aim of this study is to evaluate the biodistribution pattern and normal variants of F-18-DOPA in a cohort of patients with neuroendocrine tumours using semiquantitative analysis (maximum standardized uptake value). Methods We analysed 107 consecutive F-18-DOPA PET/CT studies of patients referred with medullary carcinoma of the thyroid (43), phaeochromocytoma including cases of Von Hippel Lindau syndrome and multiple endocrine neoplasia type IIA cases (34), paraganglioma (14) and other neuroendocrine tumours (16). The study population were divided into two groups: those with negative F-18-DOPA PET/CT scans (32) and those with positive scans (75). The biodistribution of F-18-DOPA in each group was measured and compared between the two groups. Results The physiological biodistribution in the basal ganglia and liver parenchyma showed no variability between the two groups. Conversely, uptake in the pancreas (particularly the uncinate process) and adrenals showed considerable variability between the groups. However, these differences were found not to be significant on statistical analysis. Conclusion The data presented may provide useful information in understanding the physiologic biodistribution of DOPA and its variants, for the purpose of improving the interpretation of F-18-DOPA PET/CT. Nucl Med Commun 33:179-184 (C) 2012 Wolters Kluwer Health vertical bar Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.