Journal
NEW PHYTOLOGIST
Volume 206, Issue 1, Pages 91-97Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1111/nph.13193
Keywords
bark beetle; drought; Ips confusus; pinon pine; southwestern USA; tree mortality
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Funding
- National Park Service
- Los Alamos National Laboratory
- USGS Climate Research and Development Program through the Western Mountain Initiative
- US Department of Energy
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Recently, widespread pinon pine die-off occurred in the southwestern United States. Here we synthesize observational studies of this event and compare findings to expected relationships with biotic and abiotic factors. Agreement exists on the occurrence of drought, presence of bark beetles and increased mortality of larger trees. However, studies disagree about the influences of stem density, elevation and other factors, perhaps related to study design, location and impact of extreme drought. Detailed information about bark beetles is seldom reported and their role is poorly understood. Our analysis reveals substantial limits to our knowledge regarding the processes that produce mortality patterns across space and time, indicating a poor ability to forecast mortality in response to expected increases in future droughts.
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