Journal
NEW PHYTOLOGIST
Volume 201, Issue 3, Pages 993-1008Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1111/nph.12582
Keywords
Bignoniaceae; gene expression patterns; leaf tendrils; LEAFY/FLORICAULA; lianas; morphological character evolution; PHANTASTICA; SHOOTMERISTEMLESS
Categories
Funding
- Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq) [140470/2007-7]
- Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior (CAPES) [4395-08-5]
- Molecular and Organismic Research in Plant History (MORPH)
- National Science Foundation [0641696]
- Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico [Pq-2]
- Direct For Biological Sciences [0641696] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
- Division Of Integrative Organismal Systems [0641696] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
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Leaves have undergone structural modifications over evolutionary time, and presently exist in many forms. For instance, in Fabaceae and Bignoniaceae, leaf parts can be modified into tendrils. Currently, no data are available on genic control of tendrilled leaf development outside Fabaceae. Here, we conducted a detailed study of three representatives of Bignonieae: Amphilophium buccinatorium, Dolichandra unguis-cati, and Bignonia callistegioides, bearing multifid, trifid, and simple-tendrilled leaves, respectively. We investigated the structure of their petioles, petiolules, leaflets, and tendrils through histological analyses. Additionally, the expression of SHOOTMERISTEMLESS (STM), PHANTASTICA (PHAN), and LEAFY/FLORICAULA (LFY/FLO) during leaf development was analyzed by in situ hybridizations. Tendrils share some anatomical similarities with leaflets, but not with other leaf parts. Transcripts of both STM and LFY/FLO were detected in leaf primordia, associated with regions from which leaflets and tendril branches originate. PHAN expression was found to be polarized in branched tendrils, but not in simple tendrils. In Bignonieae, tendrils are modified leaflets that, as a result of premature completion of development, become bladeless organs. Bignonieae leaves develop differently from those of peas, as both LFY/FLO and STM are expressed in developing leaves of Bignonieae. Moreover, PHAN is probably involved in tendril diversification in Bignonieae, as it has distinct expression patterns in different leaf types.
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