Journal
NEW PHYTOLOGIST
Volume 197, Issue 4, Pages 1332-1343Publisher
WILEY-BLACKWELL
DOI: 10.1111/nph.12082
Keywords
field experiment; flowering; FRIGIDA (FRI); genotypexenvironment interaction; life-history trait; natural variation; QSTFST comparison; vernalization
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Funding
- Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion of Spain [CGL2006-09792/BOS, CGL2009-07847/BOS, BIO2010-15022]
- Ministry of Higher Education
- State of Scientific Research of Egypt [1207 Cycle]
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The study of the evolutionary and population genetics of quantitative traits requires the assessment of within- and among-population patterns of variation. We carried out experiments including eight Iberian Arabidopsis thaliana populations (10 individuals per population) in glasshouse and field conditions. We quantified among- and within-population variation for flowering time and for several field life-history traits. Individuals were genotyped with microsatellites, single nucleotide polymorphisms and four well-known flowering genes (FRI, FLC, CRY2 and PHYC). Phenotypic and genotypic data were used to conduct QSTFST comparisons. Life-history traits varied significantly among- and within-populations. Flowering time also showed substantial within- and among-population variation as well as significant genotypexenvironment interactions among the various conditions. Individuals bearing FRI truncations exhibited reduced recruitment in field conditions and differential flowering time behavior across experimental conditions, suggesting that FRI contributes to the observed significant genotypexenvironment interactions. Flowering time estimated in field conditions was the only trait showing significantly higher quantitative genetic differentiation than neutral genetic differentiation values. Overall, our results show that these A.thaliana populations are genetically more differentiated for flowering time than for neutral markers, suggesting that flowering time is likely to be under divergent selection.
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