Journal
NEW PHYTOLOGIST
Volume 188, Issue 4, Pages 1039-1054Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2010.03419.x
Keywords
barley (Hordeum vulgare); Blumeria graminis; hexacosanal; mildew; octacosanal; very-long-chain aldehydes; wax; wheat
Categories
Funding
- Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft [Sonderforschungsbereich 567, A5, B8]
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P>Surface properties of aerial plant organs have been shown to affect the interaction of fungal plant pathogens and their hosts. Conidial germination and differentiation - the so-called prepenetration processes - of the barley powdery mildew fungus (Blumeria graminis f. sp. hordei) are known to be triggered by n-hexacosanal (C-26-aldehyde), a minor constituent of barley leaf wax. In order to analyze the differentiation-inducing capabilities of typical aldehyde wax constituents on conidia of wheat and barley powdery mildew, synthetic even-numbered very-long-chain aldehydes (C-22-C-30) were assayed, applying an in vitro system based on Formvar (R)/n-hexacosane-coated glass slides. n-Hexacosanal was the most effective aldehyde tested. Germination and differentiation rates of powdery mildew conidia increased with increasing concentrations of very-long-chain aldehydes. Relative to n-hexacosanal, the other aldehyde compounds showed a gradual decrease in germination- and differentiation-inducing capabilities with both decreasing and increasing chain length. In addition to n-hexacosanal, several other ubiquitous very-long-chain aldehyde wax constituents were capable of effectively stimulating B. graminis prepenetration processes in a dose- and chain length-dependent manner. Other wax constituents, such as n-alkanes, primary alcohols (with the exception of n-hexacosanol), fatty acids and alkyl esters, did not affect fungal prepenetration.
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