Journal
NEUROSURGICAL FOCUS
Volume 29, Issue 3, Pages -Publisher
AMER ASSOC NEUROLOGICAL SURGEONS
DOI: 10.3171/2010.6.FOCUS10133
Keywords
cavernous malformation; brainstem; safe entry zone; developmental venous anomaly
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Symptomatic brainstem cavernous malformations carry a high risk of permanent neurological deficit related to recurrent hemorrhage, which justifies aggressive management. Detailed knowledge of the microscopic and surface anatomy is important for understanding the clinical presentation, predicting possible surgical complications, and formulating an adequate surgical plan. In this article the authors review and illustrate the surgical and microscopic anatomy of the brainstem, provide anatomoclinical correlations, and illustrate a few clinical cases of cavernous malformations in the most common brainstem areas. (DOI: 10.3171/2010.6.FOCUS10133)
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