Journal
NEUROSURGERY CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA
Volume 22, Issue 2, Pages 133-+Publisher
W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC
DOI: 10.1016/j.nec.2010.11.001
Keywords
Functional magnetic resonance imaging; BOLD fMRI; Challenges; Future of fMRI
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Funding
- NIH [P41-RR009784]
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Blood Oxygen Level Dependent (BOLD) functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) depicts changes in deoxyhemoglobin concentration consequent to task-induced or spontaneous modulation of neural metabolism. Since its inception in 1990, this method has been widely employed in thousands of studies of cognition for clinical applications such as surgical planning, for monitoring treatment outcomes, and as a biomarker in pharmacologic and training programs. More recently, attention is turning to the use of pattern classification and other statistical methods to draw increasingly complex inferences about cognitive brain states from fMRI data. This article reviews the methods, challenges, and future of fMRI.
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