Journal
NEUROSCIENCE RESEARCH
Volume 139, Issue -, Pages 37-41Publisher
ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.neures.2018.07.002
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- Japan Society for the Promotion of Sciences [17H06178]
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The immune system is a major contributor to brain homeostasis and pathogenesis of neurological diseases. However, the role of B lymphocytes (cells) in the brain is poorly understood. In this review, we describe the functions of the different subtypes of B cells in brain development and neurological diseases. B cells are classified into several subtypes according their function and gene expression. B-1a cells, which participate in innate immunity by producing natural antibodies, are abundant in the developing brain, and mediate oligodendrocyte development. In conditions such as autoimmune encephalomyelitis, spinal cord injury, and stroke, B-2 cells exacerbate the pathology by producing pathogenic autoantibodies. On the other hand, regulatory B cells suppress inflammation by secreting interleukin-10 and play beneficial roles in pathological conditions. Here, we summarize the distribution and function of B cells during brain development and neurological diseases. (C) 2018 Elsevier B.V. and Japan Neuroscience Society. All rights reserved.
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