Journal
NEUROSCIENCE AND BIOBEHAVIORAL REVIEWS
Volume 95, Issue -, Pages 191-201Publisher
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2018.09.002
Keywords
Microbiota; Brain development; Early life; Pathways; Nutrition; Prebiotics; Synbiotics
Categories
Funding
- Science Foundation Ireland [SFI/12/RC/2273]
- Mead Johnson
- Cremo
- Suntory Wellness
- Danone Nutricia Research
- DuPont
- 4D Pharma
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In the first 2-3 years of life, the gut microbiota of infants quickly becomes diverse and rich. Disruptions in the evolving gut microbiota during this critical developmental period can impact brain development. Communication between the microbiota, gut and brain is driven by hormonal and neural regulation, as well as immune and metabolic pathways, however, our understanding of how the parallel developments that may underlie this communication are limited. In this paper, we review the known associations between the gut microbiota and brain development and brain function in early life, speculate on the potential mechanisms involved in this complex relationship and describe how nutritional intervention can further modulate the microbiota and, ultimately, brain development and function.
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