Journal
NEUROSCIENCE AND BIOBEHAVIORAL REVIEWS
Volume 33, Issue 5, Pages 647-661Publisher
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2008.08.014
Keywords
Response inhibition; Horse-race model; Stop-signal paradigm; Models of cognitive control
Categories
Funding
- National Science Foundation [BCS 0646588]
- Air Force Office of Scientific Research [FA955007-1-0192]
- National Institute of Mental Health [R01-MH07387901]
- NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF MENTAL HEALTH [R01MH073878] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
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The stop-signal paradigm is very useful for the study of response inhibition. Stop-signal performance is typically described as a race between a go process, triggered by a go stimulus, and a stop process, triggered by the stop signal. Response inhibition depends on the relative finishing time of these two processes. Numerous studies have shown that the independent horse-race model of Logan and Cowan [Logan, G.D., Cowan, W.B., 1984. On the ability to inhibit thought and action: a theory of an act of control. Psychological Review 91, 295-327] accounts for the data very well. In the present article, we review the independent horse-race model and related models, such as the interactive horse-race model [Boucher, L., Palmeri, T.J., Logan, G.D., Schall, J.D., 2007. Inhibitory control in mind and brain: an interactive race model of countermanding saccades. Psychological Review 114, 376-397]. We present evidence that favors the independent horse-race model but also some evidence that challenges the model. We end with a discussion of recent models that elaborate the role of a stop process in inhibiting a response. (c) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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