Journal
NEUROSCIENCE AND BIOBEHAVIORAL REVIEWS
Volume 33, Issue 3, Pages 367-382Publisher
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2008.10.009
Keywords
Amygdala; Striatum; Medial prefrontal cortex; Adolescence; Development; Connectivity; Motivated behavior; Functional anatomy; Approach; Avoidance; Regulatory system; Triadic Model
Categories
Funding
- Intramural NIH HHS [Z99 MH999999] Funding Source: Medline
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Adolescence is the transition period that prepares individuals for fulfilling their role as adults. Most conspicuous in this transition period is the peak level of risk-taking behaviors that characterize adolescent motivated behavior. Significant neural remodeling contributes to this change. This review focuses on the functional neuroanatomy underlying motivated behavior, and how ontogenic changes can explain the typical behavioral patterns in adolescence. To help model these changes and provide testable hypotheses, a neural systems-based theory is presented. In short, the Triadic Model proposes that motivated behavior is governed by a carefully orchestrated articulation among three systems, approach, avoidance and regulatory. These three systems map to distinct, but overlapping, neural circuits, whose representatives are the striatum, the amygdala and the medial prefrontal cortex. Each of these system-representatives will be described from a functional anatomy perspective that includes a review of their connectivity and what is known of their ontogenic changes. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
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