Journal
NEUROPHARMACOLOGY
Volume 55, Issue 3, Pages 310-318Publisher
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2008.01.005
Keywords
stroke; inflammation; apoptosis; ischemia; excitotoxicity; acidotoxicity; combinatorial therapy
Categories
Funding
- NIH [NS046827 (MS-P)]
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In the United States stroke is the third leading cause of death and the leading cause of disability. Brain injury following stroke results from the complex interplay of multiple pathways including excitotoxicity, acidotoxicity, ionic imbalance, peri-infarct depolarization, oxidative and nitrative stress, inflammation and apoptosis. There are very few treatments for stroke and the development of new treatments requires a comprehensive understanding of the diverse mechanisms of ischemic brain damage that are responsible for neuronal death. Here, we discuss the underlying pathophysiology of this devastating disease and reveal the intertwined pathways that are the target of therapeutic intervention. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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