Journal
NEURON
Volume 81, Issue 4, Pages 728-739Publisher
CELL PRESS
DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2014.02.007
Keywords
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Funding
- MINECO [BFU2010-15832, CSD2010-00045]
- Cajal Blue Brain
- European Union [HEALTH-F2-2007-202167]
- Telethon Italy [GGP10138B/GGP12265]
- Cariparo Foundation
- FIRB [RBAP11X42L]
- National Institutes of Health [R01NS037585, R01AA020183, R01MH095385]
- INSERM
- Conseil Regional d'Aquitaine, Equipe FRM
- Labex BRAIN
- Canadian Institute of Health Research [MOP-14137, MOP-111070]
- Discovery group grant from the National Science and Engineering Research Council [RGPGP 203729]
- group infrastructure grant from Fonds de recherche du Quebec-Sante
- ERC Advanced [340368]
- Swiss National Science Foundation [31003A-140999]
- National Centres of Competence in Research (NCCR)
- Swiss National Science Foundation (SNF) [31003A_140999] Funding Source: Swiss National Science Foundation (SNF)
- European Research Council (ERC) [340368] Funding Source: European Research Council (ERC)
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The identification of the presence of active signaling between astrocytes and neurons in a process termed gliotransmission has caused a paradigm shift in our thinking about brain function. However, we are still in the early days of the conceptualization of how astrocytes influence synapses, neurons, networks, and ultimately behavior. In this Perspective, our goal is to identify emerging principles governing gliotransmission and consider the specific properties of this process that endow the astrocyte with unique functions in brain signal integration. We develop and present hypotheses aimed at reconciling confounding reports and define open questions to provide a conceptual framework for future studies. We propose that astrocytes mainly signal through high-affinity slowly desensitizing receptors to modulate neurons and perform integration in spatiotemporal domains complementary to those of neurons.
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