Journal
NEURON
Volume 59, Issue 6, Pages 846-860Publisher
CELL PRESS
DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2008.09.002
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Funding
- F. M. Kirby Foundation
- Nancy Lurie Marks Family Foundation
- Autism Speaks
- Cure Autism Now
- Boston Autism Consortium
- Mental Retardation Developmental Disabilities Research Center [HD18655]
- NIH [P01 NS47572]
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One of the unique characteristics of higher organisms is their ability to learn and adapt to changes in their environment. This plasticity is largely a result of the brain's ability to convert transient stimuli into long-lasting alterations in neuronal structure and function. This process is complex and involves changes in receptor trafficking, local mRNA translation, protein turnover, and new gene synthesis. Here, we review how neuronal activity triggers calcium-dependent gene expression to regulate synapse development, maturation, and refinement. Interestingly, many components of the activity-dependent gene expression program are mutated in human cognitive disorders, which suggest that this program is essential for proper brain development and function.
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