Journal
NEURON
Volume 57, Issue 5, Pages 634-660Publisher
CELL PRESS
DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2008.01.002
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Funding
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute Funding Source: Medline
- NEI NIH HHS [R01 EY010742, R01 EY010742-16] Funding Source: Medline
- NIMH NIH HHS [R01 MH063912, R01 MH063912-08] Funding Source: Medline
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Understanding the principles of information processing in neural circuits requires systematic characterization of the participating cell types and their connections, and the ability to measure and perturb their activity. Genetic approaches promise to bring experimental access to complex neural systems, including genetic stalwarts such as the fly and mouse, but also to nongenetic systems such as primates. Together with anatomical and physiological methods, cell-type-specific expression of protein markers and sensors and transducers will be critical to construct circuit diagrams and to measure the activity of genetically defined neurons. Inactivation and activation of genetically defined cell types will establish causal relationships between activity in specific groups of neurons, circuit function, and animal behavior. Genetic analysis thus promises to reveal the logic of the neural circuits in complex brains that guide behaviors. Here we review progress in the genetic analysis of neural circuits and discuss directions for future research and development.
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