Journal
NEUROLOGY
Volume 75, Issue 23, Pages 2121-2128Publisher
LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
DOI: 10.1212/WNL.0b013e318200d768
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Funding
- Bayer Schering Pharma
- Biogen-Dompe
- Genmab A/S
- Merck Serono
- Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd.
- Fondazione Italiana Sclerosi Multipla
- Fondazione Mariani
- Shire plc
- Biogen Idec
- NIH [3R01DC004689-08S1, NCMRR HD045798]
- National Multiple Sclerosis Society
- Dutch MS Research Foundation
- Multiple Sclerosis Society (UK)
- Henry Smith Charitable Trust
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Cognitive impairment affects a large proportion of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) and has a profound impact on their daily-life activities. Improving the knowledge of the pathophysiology of cognitive impairment in MS and of the mechanisms responsible for its evolution over time might contribute to development of better outcome measures and targets for innovative treatment strategies. Due to their ability to detect MS-related abnormalities, MRI techniques are a valuable tool to achieve these goals. Following an updated overview of the assessment methods and profile of cognitive impairment in patients with MS, this review provides a state-of-the-art summary of the main results obtained from the application of conventional and modern magnetic resonance-based techniques to quantify MS-related damage, in terms of macroscopic lesions, as well as involvement of the normal-appearing white matter and gray matter and their association with cognitive impairment. The possible role of brain cortical reorganization in limiting the clinical consequences of disease-related damage is also discussed. Finally, the utility of the previous techniques to monitor the progression of cognitive deficits over time and the efficacy of possible therapeutic strategies is considered. Neurology (R) 2010;75:2121-2128
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