Matrix metalloproteinases in intracerebral hemorrhage

Purpose: The objective of this study is to review the role of matrix metalloproteinases in intracerebral hemorrhage, which is associated with hypertension, head trauma and premature birth. Materials and methods: A PubMed search of literature pertaining to this study was conducted in April 2008 using specific keyword search terms pertaining to intracerebral hemorrhage and matrix metalloproteinases. Some papers are not cited here as it is not possible to be all inclusive or due to the space limit from the journal. Discussion: The prognosis following ICH is more detrimental than that of ischemic strokes. Matrix metalloproteases have been implicated in the pathogenesis of brain damage following ICH. The goal of this review is to bring together recent diverse data concerning the roles of matrix metalloproteinases after intracerebral hemorrhage, which includes the role of matrix metalloproteinases in central nervous system, matrix metalloproteinases in animal models and humans of intracerebral hemorrhage, the relationship between matrix metalloproteinases and neuroinflammation, neuronal death, blood-brain barrier disruption and interaction with other molecules, as well as treatment of intracerebral hemorrhage with anti-matrix metalloproteinases agents. Besides deleterious roles in the acute period of intracerebral hemorrhage, some matrix metalloproteinases function in the later stages following intracerebral hemorrhage may have beneficial remodeling activity. Conclusion: At present, the experimental data support the use of pharmacologic anti-matrix metalloproteinases strategies in the acute periods following intracerebral hemorrhage to alleviate injury. [Neurol Res 2008; 30: 775-782]