Journal
NEUROIMAGE
Volume 47, Issue 3, Pages 852-863Publisher
ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2009.05.069
Keywords
Emotion regulation; Reappraisal; Amygdala; Medial prefrontal cortex; Negative emotion; Pupil dilation; Autonomic physiology
Funding
- NATIONAL CENTER FOR RESEARCH RESOURCES [M01RR003186] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
- NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF MENTAL HEALTH [P50MH069315, R37MH043454, P50MH052354] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
- NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON AGING [P01AG021079] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
- NCRR NIH HHS [M01 RR003186, M01-RR03186] Funding Source: Medline
- NIA NIH HHS [P01 AG021079-010007, P01 AG021079, P01-AG021079] Funding Source: Medline
- NIMH NIH HHS [P50 MH052354-060001, P50-MH52354, R37-MH43454, R37 MH043454, P50 MH052354, P50-MH069315, R37 MH043454-11, P50 MH069315-010001, P50 MH069315] Funding Source: Medline
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The present study investigated the premise that individual differences in autonomic physiology could be used to specify the nature and consequences of information processing taking place in medial prefrontal regions during cognitive reappraisal of unpleasant pictures. Neural (blood oxygenation level-dependent functional magnetic resonance imaging) and autonomic (electrodermal [EDA], pupil diameter, cardiac acceleration) signals were recorded simultaneously as twenty-six older people (ages 64-66 years) used reappraisal to increase, maintain, or decrease their responses to unpleasant pictures. EDA was higher when increasing and lower when decreasing compared to maintaining. This Suggested modulation of emotional arousal by reappraisal. By contrast, pupil diameter and cardiac acceleration were higher when increasing and decreasing compared to maintaining. This suggested modulation of cognitive demand. Importantly, reappraisal-related activation (increase, decrease>rnaintain) in two medial prefrontal regions (dorsal medial frontal gyrus and dorsal cingulate gyrus) was correlated with greater cardiac acceleration (increase, decrease>maintain) and monotonic changes in EDA (increase>maintain>decrease). These data indicate that these two medial prefrontal regions are involved in the allocation of cognitive resources to regulate unpleasant emotion, and that they modulate emotional arousal in accordance with the regulatory goal. The emotional arousal effects were mediated by the right amygdala. Reappraisal-related activation in a third medial prefrontal region (subgenual anterior cingulate cortex) was not associated with similar patterns of change in any of the autonomic measures, thus highlighting regional specificity in the degree to which cognitive demand is reflected in medial prefrontal activation during reappraisal. (C) 2009 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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