Journal
NEUROIMAGE
Volume 39, Issue 3, Pages 1324-1332Publisher
ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2007.09.064
Keywords
Down's syndrome; Alzheimer's disease; dementia; pre-clinical AD; MRI; PET; voxel-based morphometry; brain imaging
Funding
- NIA NIH HHS [P50 AG005142-159011, P50-AG16593, P50 AG016573-04, P50 AG016573-05, R01 AG016593, R01 AG021912, AG21912, P50 AG016573-06, P50 AG016573] Funding Source: Medline
- NICHD NIH HHS [R01 HD037427-01A1, R01 HD037427, R01 HD037427-03, R01 HD037427-04, R01 HD-37427, R01 HD037427-02, R01 HD037427-05] Funding Source: Medline
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Background: We report functional and structural brain indicators that may precede the onset of dementia in individuals with Down's syndrome (DS). Methods: Middle-aged adults with DS (n = 19), a group known to be at high risk for dementia, were studied with (1) positron emission tomography (PET) to determine cerebral glucose metabolic rate (GMR), (2) structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to determine gray matter volume (GM), and (3) ratings of potential dementia indicators based on a structured interview of caregiver observations designed to evaluate individuals with low intelligence. Results: Although none of the participants showed clinical signs of dementia, ratings of dementia indicators were correlated to both functional and structural imaging. The strongest correlations (p<.05, corrected for multiple comparisons) included the combination of higher GMR and decreased GM volume in parts of the temporal cortex, including the parahippocampus/hippocampus, in the thalamus, caudate, and frontal lobe (BA 47). Interpretation: The combination of increased GMR overlapping with less gray matter in these areas may be consistent with a compensatory brain response to an early stage of the disease process. (c) 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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