Journal
NEUROBIOLOGY OF AGING
Volume 33, Issue 7, Pages 1345-1355Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2010.09.024
Keywords
Alzheimer's disease; Vascular dementia; Plasma kallikrein; Kallikrein-kinin system; Bradykinin
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Funding
- Alzheimer's Research Trust (ART)
- Bristol Research into Alzheimer's and Care of the Elderly (BRACE)
- Alzheimers Research UK [ART-PhD2007-6, ART-EG2003A-3, ART-EG2005B-1] Funding Source: researchfish
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Decreased cerebral blood flow and blood-brain barrier disruption are features of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The plasma kallikrein-kinin system modulates cerebrovascular tone through release of vasoactive bradykinin (BK). Cerebroventricular infusion of A beta 1-40 enhances BK release, suggesting that the activity of this system may be elevated in AD. We investigated the profile of the activating protease of this system, plasma kallikrein (PK), in frontal and temporal brain tissue from postmortem confirmed cases of AD, vascular dementia (VaD), and controls. Measurements of neuron specific enolase messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) and protein were used to adjust for neuronal loss. Adjusted PK mRNA was significantly increased in the frontal cortex in AD, and the frontal and temporal cortex in VaD. Similar trends were seen for PK protein level in AD and VaD. PK activity was significantly increased in the frontal and temporal cortex in AD. Increased PK activity in AD is likely to contribute to increased BK release and may thereby influence cerebral blood flow and vascular permeability. (C) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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