Journal
SOIL BIOLOGY & BIOCHEMISTRY
Volume 80, Issue -, Pages 70-78Publisher
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.soilbio.2014.09.028
Keywords
Bacteria; Fertilization; Pyrosequencing; Root-derived carbon; Rhizosphere microbiome; Stable isotope probing; Wheat
Categories
Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [31372136]
- National Basic Research Program of China [2013CB127405]
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Root-derived carbon (C) is considered as critical fuel supporting the interaction between plant and rhizosphere microbiome, but knowledge of how plant microbe association responds to soil fertility changes in the agroecosystem is lacking. We report an integrative methodology in which stable isotope probing (SIP) and high-throughput pyrosequencing are combined to completely characterize the root-feeding bacterial communities in the rhizosphere of wheat grown in historical soils under three long-term (32-year) fertilization regimes. Wheat root-derived C-13 was dominantly assimilated by Actinobacteria and Proteobacteria (notably Burkholderiales), accounting for nearly 70% of root-feeding microbiome. In contrast, rhizosphere bacteria utilizing original soil organic matter (SOM) possessed a higher diversity at phylum level. Some microbes (e.g. Bacteroidetes and Chloroflexi) enhancing in the rhizosphere were not actively recruited through selection by rhizodeposits, indicating a limited range of action of root exudates. Inorganic fertilization decreased the dependence of Actinobacteria on root-derived C, but significantly increased its proportion in SOM-feeding microbiome. Furthermore, significantly lower diversity of the root-feeding microbiome, but not the SOM-feeding microbiome, was observed under both organic and inorganic fertilizations. These results revealed that long-term fertilizations with increasing nutrients availability would decrease the preference of rhizosphere microbiome for root-derived substrates, leading to a simpler crop microbe association. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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