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Structural basis of mitochondrial transcription

Journal

NATURE STRUCTURAL & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
Volume 25, Issue 9, Pages 754-765

Publisher

NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
DOI: 10.1038/s41594-018-0122-9

Keywords

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Funding

  1. Boehringer Ingelheim Fonds PhD fellowship
  2. Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft [SFB860, SPP1935]
  3. European Research Council Advanced Investigator Grant TRANSREGULON [693023]
  4. Volkswagen Foundation
  5. NIH [RO1 GM 104231, R01 GM118941]

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The mitochondrial genome is transcribed by a single-subunit DNA-dependent RNA polymerase (mtRNAP) and its auxiliary factors. Structural studies have elucidated how mtRNAP cooperates with its dedicated transcription factors to direct RNA synthesis: initiation factors TFAM and TFB2M assist in promoter-DNA binding and opening by mtRNAP while the elongation factor TEFM increases polymerase processivity to the levels required for synthesis of long polycistronic mtRNA transcripts. Here, we review the emerging body of structural and functional studies of human mitochondrial transcription, provide a molecular movie that can be used for teaching purposes and discuss the open questions to guide future directions of investigation.

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