Journal
NATURE STRUCTURAL & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
Volume 17, Issue 1, Pages 69-U91Publisher
NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
DOI: 10.1038/nsmb.1715
Keywords
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Funding
- German Research Foundation [SFB592]
- Excellence Initiative of the German Federal and State Governments [EXC294]
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The transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta) family member Decapentaplegic (Dpp) is a key regulator of patterning and growth in Drosophila development. Previous studies have identified a short DNA motif called the silencer element (SE), which recruits a trimeric Smad complex and the repressor Schnurri to downregulate target enhancers upon Dpp signaling. We have now isolated the minimal enhancer of the dad gene and discovered a short motif we termed the activating element (AE). The AE is similar to the SE and recruits the Smad proteins via a conserved mechanism. However, the AE and SE differ at important nucleotide positions. As a consequence, the AE does not recruit Schnurri but rather integrates repressive input by the default repressor Brinker and activating input by the Smad signal transducers Mothers against Dpp (Mad) and Medea via competitive DNA binding. The AE allows the identification of hitherto unknown direct Dpp targets and is functionally conserved in vertebrates.
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