The bladder extracellular matrix. Part II: regenerative applications

Bladder regeneration is a long-sought goal that could provide alternatives to cystoplasty using nonurological tissues. Regeneration might be achieved in different ways, such as seeding matrices with stem cells or conventional cells, or repopulation of the matrix by the body's own reservoir of cells. Consideration of how the extracellular matrix directs cell behavior will be crucial to the success of regenerative therapies.