Journal
NATURE REVIEWS NEUROSCIENCE
Volume 15, Issue 6, Pages 367-378Publisher
NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
DOI: 10.1038/nrn3745
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Funding
- US National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases Grant [DK090320, DK083042, DK052989, DK089053]
- US National Institutes of Health (NIH) funded Nutrition Obesity Research Center [DK035816]
- Diabetes Research Center at the University of Washington [DK17047]
- NIH Diabetes and Metabolism training Grant [F32 DK097859, T32 DK0007247]
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Under normal conditions, food intake and energy expenditure are balanced by a homeostatic system that maintains stability of body fat content over time. However, this homeostatic system can be overridden by the activation of 'emergency response circuits' that mediate feeding responses to emergent or stressful stimuli. Inhibition of these circuits is therefore permissive for normal energy homeostasis to occur, and their chronic activation can cause profound, even life-threatening, changes in body fat mass. This Review highlights how the interplay between homeostatic and emergency feeding circuits influences the biologically defended level of body weight under physiological and pathophysiological conditions.
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