Journal
NATURE REVIEWS NEUROSCIENCE
Volume 16, Issue 1, Pages 17-29Publisher
NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
DOI: 10.1038/nrn3856
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- Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad, Spain [BFU2011-30217-C03-01]
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Hormones regulate homeostasis by communicating through the bloodstream to the body's organs, including the brain. As homeostatic regulators of brain function, some hormones exert neuroprotective actions. This is the case for the ovarian hormone 17 beta-oestradiol, which signals through oestrogen receptors (ERs) that are widely distributed in the male and female brain. Recent discoveries have shown that oestradiol is not only a reproductive hormone but also a brain-derived neuroprotective factor in males and females and that ERs coordinate multiple signalling mechanisms that protect the brain from neurodegenerative diseases, affective disorders and cognitive decline.
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