Journal
NATURE REVIEWS NEUROSCIENCE
Volume 13, Issue 7, Pages 465-477Publisher
NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
DOI: 10.1038/nrn3257
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Funding
- US National Institutes of Health (NIMH) (Maryland, USA)
- National Alliance for Research in Schizophrenia and Affective Disorders
- Hereditary Disease Foundation/High Q
- CHDI, Inc.
- US National Institutes of Health (NINDS) (Maryland, USA)
- US National Institutes of Health (NICHD) (Maryland, USA)
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The essential amino acid tryptophan is not only a precursor of serotonin but is also degraded to several other neuroactive compounds, including kynurenic acid, 3-hydroxykynurenine and quinolinic acid. The synthesis of these metabolites is regulated by an enzymatic cascade, known as the kynurenine pathway, that is tightly controlled by the immune system. Dysregulation of this pathway, resulting in hyper- or hypofunction of active metabolites, is associated with neurodegenerative and other neurological disorders, as well as with psychiatric diseases such as depression and schizophrenia. With recently developed pharmacological agents, it is now possible to restore metabolic equilibrium and envisage novel therapeutic interventions.
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