Journal
NATURE REVIEWS NEUROSCIENCE
Volume 13, Issue 10, Pages 687-700Publisher
NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
DOI: 10.1038/nrn3293
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Funding
- RIKEN
- Japanese Society for Promotion of Science
- Human Frontiers Science Program
- US National Institutes of Health
- Ministry of Education, Culture, Sport, Science and Technology of Japan
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In a departure from previous top-down or bottom-up strategies used to understand neuronal circuits, many forward-looking research programs now place the circuit itself at their centre. This has led to an emphasis on the dissection and elucidation of neuronal circuit elements and mechanisms, and on studies that ask how these circuits generate behavioural outputs. This movement towards circuit-centric strategies is progressing rapidly as a result of technological advances that combine genetic manipulation with light-based methods. The core tools of these new approaches are genetically encoded optical indicators and actuators that enable non-destructive interrogation and manipulation of neuronal circuits in behaving animals with cellular-level precision. This Review examines genetically encoded reporters of neuronal function and assesses their value for circuit-oriented neuroscientific investigations.
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