Journal
NATURE REVIEWS MOLECULAR CELL BIOLOGY
Volume 13, Issue 5, Pages 283-296Publisher
NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
DOI: 10.1038/nrm3330
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Funding
- Canadian Institutes of Health Research
- Human Frontier Science Program
- US National Institutes of Health (NIH) [R01 CA-82328-09]
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The importance of the physiological function of phosphatase and tensin homologue (PTEN) is illustrated by its frequent disruption in cancer. By suppressing the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)-AKT-mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway through its lipid phosphatase activity, PTEN governs a plethora of cellular processes including survival, proliferation, energy metabolism and cellular architecture. Consequently, mechanisms regulating PTEN expression and function, including transcriptional regulation, post-transcriptional regulation by non-coding RNAs, post-translational modifications and protein-protein interactions, are all altered in cancer. The repertoire of PTEN functions has recently been expanded to include phosphatase-independent activities and crucial functions within the nucleus. Our increasing knowledge of PTEN and pathologies in which its function is altered will undoubtedly inform the rational design of novel therapies.
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