Journal
NATURE REVIEWS MICROBIOLOGY
Volume 17, Issue 1, Pages 7-12Publisher
NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
DOI: 10.1038/s41579-018-0071-7
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Funding
- US National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship
- Burroughs Wellcome PATH Award
- National Institutes of Health (NIH) Director's Pioneer Award [DP1GM128184-01]
- HHMI-Simons Faculty Scholar Award
- NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF GENERAL MEDICAL SCIENCES [DP1GM128184] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
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Many bacteria and archaea have the unique ability to heritably alter their genomes by incorporating small fragments of foreign DNA, called spacers, into CRISPR loci. Once transcribed and processed into individual CRISPR RNAs, spacer sequences guide Cas effector nucleases to destroy complementary, invading nucleic acids. Collectively, these two processes are known as the CRISPR-Cas immune response. In this Progress article, we review recent studies that have advanced our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying spacer acquisition and that have revealed a fundamental link between the two phases of CRISPR immunity that ensures optimal immunity from newly acquired spacers. Finally, we highlight important open questions and discuss the potential basic and applied impact of spacer acquisition research.
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