Journal
NATURE REVIEWS MICROBIOLOGY
Volume 11, Issue 10, Pages 675-687Publisher
NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
DOI: 10.1038/nrmicro3096
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Funding
- Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada
- Canadian Institutes of Health Research
- Ministere de l'Enseignement Superieur, de la Recherche, de la Science et de la Technologie du Quebec
- Fonds Quebecois de la Recherche sur la Nature et les Technologies
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Bacteria and their viral predators (bacteriophages) are locked in a constant battle. In order to proliferate in phage-rich environments, bacteria have an impressive arsenal of defence mechanisms, and in response, phages have evolved counter-strategies to evade these antiviral systems. In this Review, we describe the various tactics that are used by phages to overcome bacterial resistance mechanisms, including adsorption inhibition, restriction-modification, CRISPR-Cas (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats-CRISPR-associated proteins) systems and abortive infection. Furthermore, we consider how these observations have enhanced our knowledge of phage biology, evolution and phage-host interactions.
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