Journal
NATURE REVIEWS MICROBIOLOGY
Volume 9, Issue 9, Pages 670-681Publisher
NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
DOI: 10.1038/nrmicro2624
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Funding
- Irish Government
- Irish Research Council for Science Engineering
- Enterprise Ireland
- Science Foundation Ireland (SFI), through the Alimentary Pharmabiotic Centre (APC) at University College Cork, Ireland
- SFI-funded Centre for Science, Engineering and Technology (SFI-CSET)
- SFI
- UK Society for General Microbiology
- Department of Chemistry
- Institute for Genomic Biology (University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, USA)
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Streptolysin S (SLS) is a potent cytolytic toxin and virulence factor that is produced by nearly all Streptococcus pyogenes strains. Despite a 100-year history of research on this toxin, it has only recently been established that SLS is just one of an extended family of post-translationally modified virulence factors (the SLS-like peptides) that are produced by some streptococci and other Gram-positive pathogens, such as Listeria monocytogenes and Clostridium botulinum. In this Review, we describe the identification, genetics, biochemistry and various functions of SLS. We also discuss the shared features of the virulence-associated SLS-like peptides, as well as their place within the rapidly expanding family of thiazole/oxazole-modified microcins (TOMMs).
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