Journal
NATURE REVIEWS GENETICS
Volume 15, Issue 4, Pages 259-271Publisher
NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
DOI: 10.1038/nrg3673
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Funding
- US National Institute of Mental Health [RO1 MH094698-01, P50 MH096890-01]
- Leukemia & Lymphoma Society [LLS-SCOR 7132-08]
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute Damon Runyon Cancer Research Foundation fellowship [DRG-2185-14]
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Despite a conserved role for histones as general DNA packaging agents, it is now clear that another key function of these proteins is to confer variations in chromatin structure to ensure dynamic patterns of transcriptional regulation in eukaryotes. The incorporation of histone variants is particularly important to this process. Recent knockdown and knockout studies in various cellular systems, as well as direct mutational evidence from human cancers, now suggest a crucial role for histone variant regulation in processes as diverse as differentiation and proliferation, meiosis and nuclear reprogramming. In this Review, we provide an overview of histone variants in the context of their unique functions during mammalian germ cell and embryonic development, and examine the consequences of aberrant histone variant regulation in human disease.
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