Journal
NATURE REVIEWS GENETICS
Volume 13, Issue 10, Pages 720-731Publisher
NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
DOI: 10.1038/nrg3293
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Funding
- US National Institutes of Health (NIH) [GM25232]
- NIH National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences [Z01 ES101987]
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Recent years have witnessed a sea change in our understanding of transcription regulation: whereas traditional models focused solely on the events that brought RNA polymerase II (Pol II) to a gene promoter to initiate RNA synthesis, emerging evidence points to the pausing of Pol II during early elongation as a widespread regulatory mechanism in higher eukaryotes. Current data indicate that pausing is particularly enriched at genes in signal-responsive pathways. Here the evidence for pausing of Pol II from recent high-throughput studies will be discussed, as well as the potential interconnected functions of promoter-proximally paused Pol II.
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