Journal
NATURE REVIEWS GENETICS
Volume 12, Issue 11, Pages 767-780Publisher
NATURE RESEARCH
DOI: 10.1038/nrg3015
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Funding
- National Sciences and Research Council of Canada (NSERC)
- US National Science Foundation (NSF) [DEB-0919190]
- Division Of Environmental Biology
- Direct For Biological Sciences [0919190] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
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Although much progress has been made in identifying the genes (and, in rare cases, mutations) that contribute to phenotypic variation, less is known about the effects that these genes have on fitness. Nonetheless, genes are commonly labelled as 'adaptive' if an allele has been shown to affect a phenotype with known or suspected functional importance or if patterns of nucleotide variation at the locus are consistent with positive selection. In these cases, the 'adaptive' designation may be premature and may lead to incorrect conclusions about the relationships between gene function and fitness. Experiments to test targets and agents of natural selection within a genomic context are necessary for identifying the adaptive consequences of individual alleles.
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