Journal
NATURE REVIEWS ENDOCRINOLOGY
Volume 5, Issue 10, Pages 553-558Publisher
NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
DOI: 10.1038/nrendo.2009.166
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Funding
- NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF DIABETES AND DIGESTIVE AND KIDNEY DISEASES [T32DK007529] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
- NIDDK NIH HHS [T32 DK007529] Funding Source: Medline
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Many postmenopausal women live with diabetes mellitus; however, little information is available about how the changes that occur around the time of menopause might uniquely affect management of diabetes mellitus in this population. Although the weight gain that commonly occurs during the menopausal transition is largely attributable to aging rather than the transition itself, changes in body composition have been independently associated with menopausal status. These changes in body composition have, in turn, been associated with alterations in insulin sensitivity and glucose metabolism in postmenopausal women. Hormone therapy seems to have neutral or beneficial effects on the adverse changes in body composition associated with menopause. Whether menopausal status independently influences diabetes risk remains controversial. Nevertheless, consistent findings from large clinical trials suggest that postmenopausal hormone therapy decreases the risk of developing diabetes mellitus. Similarly, many studies suggest that postmenopausal hormone therapy has neutral or beneficial effects on glycemic control among women already diagnosed as having diabetes mellitus. Future studies are needed to elucidate the mechanisms that underlie these relationships and to determine how these observations should influence recommendations for the care of postmenopausal women with diabetes mellitus.
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