Journal
NATURE PHYSICS
Volume 9, Issue 11, Pages 704-708Publisher
NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
DOI: 10.1038/NPHYS2768
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Funding
- DARPA MESO project [N66001-11-1-4105]
- EPSRC First Grant [EP/K04074X/1]
- Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Science [DE-AC02-76SF00515]
- MEXT, Japan [24340078]
- Army Research Office [W911NF-09-1-0508]
- Stanford Graduate Fellowship
- EPSRC [EP/K04074X/1] Funding Source: UKRI
- Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council [EP/K04074X/1] Funding Source: researchfish
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In the past few years, a new state of quantum matter known as the time-reversal-invariant topological insulator has been predicted theoretically and realized experimentally. All of the topological insulators discovered so far in experiment are inversion symmetric(1-5)-except for strained HgTe, which has weak inversion asymmetry, a small bulk gap but no bulk charge polarization(6). Strong inversion asymmetry in topological insulators would not only lead to many interesting phenomena, such as crystalline-surface-dependent topological electronic states, pyroelectricity and intrinsic topological p-n junctions, but would also serve as an ideal platform for the realization of topological magneto-electric effects(7,8), which result from the modification of Maxwell equations in topological insulators. Here we report the discovery of a strong inversion asymmetric topological insulator phase in BiTeCl by angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy, which reveals Dirac surface states and crystalline-surface-dependent electronic structures. Moreover, we observe a tenfold increase of the bulk energy gap in BiTeCl over the weak inversion asymmetric topological insulator HgTe, making it a promising platform for topological phenomena and possible applications at high temperature.
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