Journal
NATURE NEUROSCIENCE
Volume 16, Issue 3, Pages 270-272Publisher
NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
DOI: 10.1038/nn.3323
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Funding
- Doris Duke Clinical Research Fellowship
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke [P50 NS19632]
- Department of Veterans Affairs
- National Institutes of Mental Health [5RO1MH085724]
- McKnight Neuroscience of Brain Disorders Award
- Ministry of Innovation, Science, Research and Technology of the German State of North Rhine-Westphalia (MIWFT)
- University of Bonn
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute
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Decades of research have highlighted the amygdala's influential role in fear. We found that inhalation of 35% CO2 evoked not only fear, but also panic attacks, in three rare patients with bilateral amygdala damage. These results indicate that the amygdala is not required for fear and panic, and make an important distinction between fear triggered by external threats from the environment versus fear triggered internally by CO2.
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