Journal
NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY
Volume 13, Issue 11, Pages 1035-1041Publisher
NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
DOI: 10.1038/s41565-018-0233-9
Keywords
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Funding
- 'la Caixa' Banking Foundation
- Marie-Curie International Fellowship COFUND
- ICFOnest programme
- Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada [PGSD3-426325-2012]
- Mineco Young Investigator Grant [FIS2014-59639-JIN]
- Government of Catalonia through an SGR grant [2014-SGR-1535]
- Programme for Centres of Excellence in RD [SEV-2015-0522]
- Fundacio Cellex Barcelona
- CERCA Programme/Generalitat de Catalunya
- Mineco grants Ramon y Cajal [FIS2014-59639-JIN, RYC-2012-12281, FIS2013-47161-P]
- European Union Seventh Framework Programme [696656]
- European Reasearch Council (ERC) Starting grant [307806]
- ERC Synergy Grant Hetero2D
- Center for Nanostructured Graphene - Danish National Research Foundation [DNRF103]
- ERC under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme [773122]
- Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness through the 'Severo Ochoa'
- EPSRC [EP/K005014/1] Funding Source: UKRI
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The science and applications of electronics and optoelectronics have been driven for decades by progress in the growth of semiconducting heterostructures. Many applications in the infrared and terahertz frequency range exploit transitions between quantized states in semiconductor quantum wells (intersubband transitions). However, current quantum well devices are limited in functionality and versatility by diffusive interfaces and the requirement of lattice-matched growth conditions. Here, we introduce the concept of intersubband transitions in van der Waals quantum wells and report their first experimental observation. Van der Waals quantum wells are naturally formed by two-dimensional materials and hold unexplored potential to overcome the aforementioned limitations they form atomically sharp interfaces and can easily be combined into heterostructures without lattice-matching restrictions. We employ near-field local probing to spectrally resolve intersubband transitions with a nanometre-scale spatial resolution and electrostatically control the absorption. This work enables the exploitation of intersubband transitions with unmatched design freedom and individual electronic and optical control suitable for photodetectors, light-emitting diodes and lasers.
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