Journal
NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY
Volume 6, Issue 9, Pages 543-546Publisher
NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
DOI: 10.1038/NNANO.2011.123
Keywords
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Funding
- National Science Foundation (NSF) [0900832, 1054406]
- NSF Industry/University Cooperative Research Center for Membrane Science, Engineering and Technology at the University of Colorado at Boulder
- DARPA Center on Nanoscale Science and Technology for Integrated Micro/NanoElectromechanical Transducers (DARPA/SPAWAR) [N66001-10-1-4007]
- Div Of Civil, Mechanical, & Manufact Inn
- Directorate For Engineering [0900832] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
- Div Of Civil, Mechanical, & Manufact Inn
- Directorate For Engineering [1054406] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
- Div Of Industrial Innovation & Partnersh
- Directorate For Engineering [1034710, 1034720] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
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As mechanical structures enter the nanoscale regime, the influence of van der Waals forces increases. Graphene is attractive for nanomechanical systems(1,2) because its Young's modulus and strength are both intrinsically high, but the mechanical behaviour of graphene is also strongly influenced by the van der Waals force(3,4). For example, this force clamps graphene samples to substrates, and also holds together the individual graphene sheets in multilayer samples. Here we use a pressurized blister test to directly measure the adhesion energy of graphene sheets with a silicon oxide substrate. We find an adhesion energy of 0.45 +/- 0.02 J m(-2) for monolayer graphene and 0.31 +/- 0.03 J m(-2) for samples containing two to five graphene sheets. These values are larger than the adhesion energies measured in typical micromechanical structures and are comparable to solid-liquid adhesion energies(5-7). We attribute this to the extreme flexibility of graphene, which allows it to conform to the topography of even the smoothest substrates, thus making its interaction with the substrate more liquid-like than solid-like.
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