Journal
NATURE IMMUNOLOGY
Volume 9, Issue 5, Pages 495-502Publisher
NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
DOI: 10.1038/ni1581
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Funding
- NCI NIH HHS [R01 CA095137-05, R01 CA095137, U01 CA105379, CA105379, CA095137] Funding Source: Medline
- NIAID NIH HHS [R37 AI066897-08, R01 AI068129-08, P01 AI064520, AI068129, R37 AI066897, R01 AI068129, AI64520, AI066897, P01 AI064520-040002] Funding Source: Medline
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Natural killer (NK) cells circulate through the blood, lymphatics and tissues, on patrol for the presence of transformed or pathogen-infected cells. As almost all NK cell receptors bind to host-encoded ligands, signals are constantly being transmitted into NK cells, whether they interact with normal or abnormal cells. The sophisticated repertoire of activating and inhibitory receptors that has evolved to regulate NK cell activity ensures that NK cells protect hosts against pathogens, yet prevents deleterious NK cell-driven autoimmune responses. Here I highlight recent advances in our understanding of the structural properties and signaling pathways of the inhibitory and activating NK cell receptors, with a particular focus on the ITAM-dependent activating receptors, the NKG2D-DAP10 receptor complexes and the CD244 receptor system.
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