Journal
NATURE GENETICS
Volume 42, Issue 11, Pages 949-U160Publisher
NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
DOI: 10.1038/ng.685
Keywords
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Categories
Funding
- Academy of Finland [104781, 120315, 129269, 117797, 121584, 126925, 129418, 129568, 77299, 124243, 129680, 129494, 10404, 213506, 114382, 126775, 127437, 129255, 129306, 130326, 209072, 210595, 213225, 216374]
- ADA [N02-HL-6-4278]
- ALF/LUA Gothenburg
- Althingi (the Icelandic Parliament)
- Amgen
- Augustinus Foundation
- Becket Foundation
- Biocentrum Helsinki
- Biomedicum Helsinki Foundation
- Boston Obesity Nutrition Research Center [DK46200]
- British Diabetes Association [1192]
- British Diabetic Association Research
- British Heart Foundation [97020, PG/02/128]
- Busselton Population Medical Research Foundation
- Cambridge NIHR Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre
- CamStrad
- Chief Scientist Office of the Scottish Government
- Contrat Plan Etat Region de France
- Danish Centre for Health Technology Assessment
- Danish Diabetes Association
- Danish Ministry of Internal Affairs and Health
- Danish Heart Foundation
- Danish Pharmaceutical Association
- Danish Research Council
- DIAB Core (German Network of Diabetes)
- Diabetes UK
- Donald W. Reynolds Foundation
- Dresden University of Technology
- Med Drive
- EMGO+ institute
- Emil and Vera Cornell Foundation
- Erasmus Medical Center and Erasmus University, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Estonian Government [SF0180142s08]
- European Commission [2004310, 212111, 205419, 245536, DG XII, HEALTH-F4-2007-201413, FP7/2007-2013, QLG1-CT-2000-01643, QLG2-CT-2002-01254, LSHG-CT-2006-018947, LSHG-CT-2006-01947, LSHG-CT-2004-512066, LSHM-CT-2007-037273, EU/WLRT-2001-01254, LSHG-CT-2004-518153, SOC 95201408 05F02]
- Federal Ministry of Education and Research, Germany [01ZZ9603, 01ZZ0103, 01ZZ0403, 03ZIK012, 01 EA 9401]
- Federal State of Mecklenburg-West Pomerania
- Finnish Diabetes Research Foundation
- Finnish Diabetes Research Society
- Finnish Foundation for Pediatric Research
- Finnish Foundation of Cardiovascular Research
- Finnish Medical Society
- Finska Lakaresallskapet
- Finnish Ministry of Education
- Folkhalsan Research Foundation
- Fond Europeen pour le Developpement Regional
- Fondation LeDucq
- Foundation for Life and Health in Finland
- GEN-AU 'GOLD' from Austria
- German Bundesministerium fuer Forschung und Technology [01 AK 803 A-H, 01 IG 07015 G]
- German National Genome Research Net NGFN2 and NGFNplus [01GS0823, FKZ 01GS0823]
- German Research Council [KFO-152]
- GlaxoSmithKline
- Goteborg Medical Society
- Gyllenberg Foundation
- Health Care Center in Vasa
- Healthway, Western Australia
- Helmholtz Center Munich
- Helsinki University Central Hospital
- Hjartavernd (the Icelandic Heart Association)
- Ib Henriksen Foundation
- IZKF [B27]
- Jalmari and Rauha Ahokas Foundation
- Juho Vainio Foundation
- Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation International (JDRF)
- Karolinska Institute and the Stockholm County Council [560183]
- Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation
- Lundbeck Foundation Centre of Applied Medical Genomics
- Knut Krohn, Microarray Core Facility of the Interdisciplinary Centre for Clinical Research (IZKF), University of Leipzig, Germany
- MC Health
- Ministry of Cultural Affairs of the Federal State of Mecklenburg-West Pomerania, Germany
- South Tyrol Ministry of Health
- Ministry of Science, Education and Sport of the Republic of Croatia [216-1080315-0302]
- Medical Research Council UK [G0000649, G0601261, G9521010D, G0000934, G0500539, G0600331]
- Montreal Heart Institute Foundation
- MRC Centre for Obesity-Related Metabolic Disease
- Municipal Health Care Center and Hospital in Jakobstad
- Municipality of Rotterdam
- Narpes Health Care Foundation
- National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia and the Great Wine Estates Auctions
- Netherlands Centre for Medical Systems Biology [SPI 56-464-1419]
- Netherlands Ministry for Health
- Welfare and Sports
- Netherlands Ministry of Education, Culture and Science
- Netherlands Genomics Initiative
- Netherlands Consortium [050-060-810]
- Netherlands Organisation of Scientific Research Netherlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek (NWO) Investments [175.010.2005.011, 911-03-012, 904-61-090, 904-61-193, 480-04-004, 400-05-717]
- National Institute on Aging
- US National Institutes of Health [CA047988, CA65725, CA87969, CA49449, CA67262, CA50385, DK075787, DK062370, DK58845, DK072193, K23-DK080145, K99HL094535, N01-HC85079, N01-HC85086, N01-HG-65403, N01-AG-12100, N01-HC-25195, N01-HC35129, N01-HC15103, N01-HC55222, N01-HC75150, N01-HC45133, N01-HC55015, N01-HC55016, N01-HC-55018, N01-HC-55019, N01-HC-55020, N01-HC-55021, N01-HC-55022, N01-AG-1-2109, HL71981, HG005581, HG002651, HL084729, HL043851, HHSN268200625226C, MH084698, P30-DK072488, R01 HL087652, R01-HL087641, R01-HL59367, R01-HL086694, R01-HL087647, R01-HL087679, R01-HL087700, R01-AG031890, R01-HL088119, R01-DK068336, R01-DK075681, R01-DK-073490, R01-DK075787, R01-MH63706, U01-HL72515, U01-GM074518, U01-HL084756, U01-HG004399, UO1-CA098233, UL1-RR025005, U01-HG004402, U01-DK062418, U01 HL080295, T32-HG00040, 263-MA-410953, 1RL1-MH083268-01, 1Z01-HG000024]
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR)
- Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam
- Novo Nordisk Foundation
- Novo Nordisk Inc.
- Ollqvist Foundation
- Paavo Nurmi Foundation
- Paivikki and Sakari Sohlberg Foundation
- Pew Scholarship for the Biomedical Sciences
- Perklen Foundation
- Petrus and Augusta Hedlunds Foundation
- Research Institute for Diseases in the Elderly [014-93-015]
- Sahlgrenska Center for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research (CMR) [A305:188]
- Siemens Healthcare, Erlangen, Germany
- Signe and Ane Gyllenberg Foundation
- Sigrid Juselius Foundation
- Social Insurance Institution of Finland
- Social Ministry of the Federal State of Mecklenburg-West Pomerania, Germany
- South Tyrolean Sparkasse Foundation
- State of Bavaria, Germany
- Support for Science Funding programme
- Swedish Cultural Foundation in Finland
- Swedish Foundation for Strategic Research (SSF)
- Swedish Medical Research Council [8691, K2007-66X-20270-01-3, K2010-54X-09894-19-3]
- Swedish Society of Medicine
- Swiss National Science Foundation [33CSCO-122661]
- Royal Society
- Royal Swedish Academy of Science
- Torsten and Ragnar Soderberg's Foundation
- Turku University Hospitals
- UK Department of Health Policy Research Programme
- University and Research of the Autonomous Province of Bolzano
- University Hospital Medical
- University Hospital Oulu, Biocenter, University of Oulu, Finland [75617]
- Vastra Gotaland Foundation
- Wellcome Trust [077016/Z/05/Z, 068545/Z/02, 072960, 076113, 083270, 085301, 079557, 081682, 075491, 076113/B/04/Z, 091746/Z/10/Z, 079895, WT086596/Z/08/Z]
- Western Australian Genetic Epidemiology Resource
- Western Australian DNA Bank (both National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia Enabling Facilities)
- Yrjo Jahnsson Foundation
- AstraZeneca AB
- Lundberg Foundation
- Swedish Heart-Lung Foundation
- Research Foundation of Copenhagen County
- Health care center in Nerpes
- Health care center in Korsholm
- Chief Scientist Office [CZB/4/710] Funding Source: researchfish
- Medical Research Council [G0501184, G0801056B, G0000934, G0600331, MC_U106188470, G0500115, MC_U127561128, G0601261, G0600705, MC_UP_A390_1107, G0401527, MC_qA137934, MC_U106179472, G0801056] Funding Source: researchfish
- National Institute for Health Research [NF-SI-0508-10212] Funding Source: researchfish
- MRC [G0801056, MC_U127561128, MC_UP_A390_1107, MC_U106188470, MC_U106179472, G0600331, G0601261, G0000934, G0600705, G0500115, G0501184, MC_qA137934] Funding Source: UKRI
- Academy of Finland (AKA) [114382, 129568, 210595, 129418, 216374, 213225, 129418, 216374, 114382, 213225, 129568, 210595] Funding Source: Academy of Finland (AKA)
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Waist-hip ratio (WHR) is a measure of body fat distribution and a predictor of metabolic consequences independent of overall adiposity. WHR is heritable, but few genetic variants influencing this trait have been identified. We conducted a meta-analysis of 32 genome-wide association studies for WHR adjusted for body mass index (comprising up to 77,167 participants), following up 16 loci in an additional 29 studies (comprising up to 113,636 subjects). We identified 13 new loci in or near RSPO3, VEGFA, TBX15-WARS2, NFE2L3, GRB14, DNM3-PIGC, ITPR2-SSPN, LY86, HOXC13, ADAMTS9, ZNRF3-KREMEN1, NISCH-STAB1 and CPEB4 (P = 1.9 x 10(-9) to P = 1.8 x 10(-40)) and the known signal at LYPLAL1. Seven of these loci exhibited marked sexual dimorphism, all with a stronger effect on WHR in women than men (P for sex difference = 1.9 x 10(-3) to P = 1.2 x 10(-13)). These findings provide evidence for multiple loci that modulate body fat distribution independent of overall adiposity and reveal strong gene-by-sex interactions.
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